Beginner Track • Topic 5

Evaluating Purchase Requests

A Form 9 is not just an admin document. It's the customer's purchase request and funding signal to contracting. Learn where to look first, what the fields mean, and how to spot problems before they become yours.

The Basics

What Is a Purchase Request?

Before you can buy anything, someone has to ask for it. That request — and the money behind it — starts with the Form 9.

1 The Form 9 in 60 Seconds

The AF Form 9, Request for Purchase, is how your customer tells contracting what they need and how they're paying for it. It's a funding document — the package that commits money to a requirement and kicks off the acquisition process. No Form 9 (or equivalent PR), no buy.

What it tells you: What the customer wants to buy, how much they think it costs, what money they're using to pay for it, and who approved the request. That's it. It's not a contract document, it's not a solicitation — it's the funding document that starts everything.

In the Air Force, DEAMS generates the Form 9. Other agencies use different formats — some use a PR&C (Purchase Request and Commitment) or other service-specific documents. The fields are roughly the same everywhere. As long as you've got certified funding, you're ready to press forward with your requirement. If you understand the Form 9, you can read any purchase request.


2 Where to Look First

When a Form 9 lands on your desk, there are only a few areas where you need to be critical in your review. The rest can typically be changed later in your contract writing system. Two areas tell you 80% of what you need to know:

1. The line item area. What are they buying? How is it described? What's the quantity, unit of issue, and estimated price? This tells you whether the requirement makes operational sense.
2. The accounting classification. What kind of money is behind this? The line of accounting tells you the agency, fiscal year, and type of funding. If the money type doesn't match what they're buying, flag it before you go any further.
Everything else matters, but these two come first. The requesting official, the approving official, the installation — those are important for routing and authority. But they're not where problems hide. Problems hide in vague descriptions and wrong money.

3 CLIN Structure: Keep It Simple

This is just my opinion (as of this training, March 2026) — but simpler is better on the Form 9. You can absolutely work with a Form 9 structured in other ways, and plenty of COs do. But here's why I prefer fewer CLINs up front:

When finance builds the Form 9 in DEAMS, they sometimes break the requirement into multiple line items. For a construction project, you might see separate lines for plumbing, electrical, concrete, demolition, and painting. That feels organized, but it creates a problem downstream.

The practical rule: You can always break one CLIN into multiple CLINs in the contract writing system. You can split 1 LOT at $500,000 into as many contract line items as you need to match your solicitation and the winning proposal. But going the other direction — combining multiple finance-built CLINs back into one — usually means sending the Form 9 back to finance for correction. That's wasted time.
✅ Scenario A: 1 LOT on the Form 9
Form 9
1 LOT — $500K
Solicit, evaluate,
award
CLIN 0001
Plumbing
$125K
CLIN 0002
Electrical
$150K
CLIN 0003
Concrete
$175K
CLIN 0004
Demo
$50K
Total = $500K ✓ — Split in contract writing system. No problem.
❌ Scenario B: 4 CLINs on the Form 9
CLIN 0001 — Plumbing — $100K
CLIN 0002 — Electrical — $100K
CLIN 0003 — Concrete — $150K
CLIN 0004 — Demo — $150K
Form 9 total: $500K
Plumbing — $125K
Electrical — $90K
Concrete — $185K
Demo — $100K
Contractor's proposal: $500K
Plumbing exceeds $100K by $25K. Concrete exceeds $150K by $35K.
Even though the total is still $500K — you can't move money between CLINs. Back to finance. ↩
The bottom line: A CO or CS cannot move money from one CLIN to another. But they can split one CLIN into as many contract line items as they need. That's why fewer CLINs on the Form 9 gives you flexibility — you're never boxed in by the way finance structured it.
Again, this is just my opinion. Some COs prefer more detail on the Form 9 so they can match it directly to their solicitation. That works too, and you can absolutely be successful with either approach. The point is to think about it intentionally rather than just accepting whatever lands on your desk.

4 Quantity & Unit of Issue

The quantity and unit of issue determine how the contractor bills you and how deliverables get structured. That's why they matter. It's not just about counting — it's about shaping the payment schedule and delivery milestones for the entire contract.

Pick the unit that matches how you want to pay and receive deliverables. If the contractor delivers water monthly, the unit is 3 Months (or whatever the period is). If they deliver a single piece of equipment, it's 1 Each. If they're providing a service for 12 weeks, it might be 12 Weeks or 3 Months. The unit drives the CLIN structure, which drives both invoicing and how you set up delivery milestones.
1 Lot on a Form 9 is fine — it gives you flexibility to structure the contract however you need. But 1 Lot in a contract is a different story. In a contract, "1 Lot" typically means progress payments (like construction), and it changes how inspection, acceptance, and invoicing work. Don't carry "1 Lot" from the Form 9 into your contract CLINs unless that's actually what you need.

1 Each, 1 Month, 1 Week — that's typically what you want in contract CLINs. If someone puts "1 Group" on a Form 9, ask them what that means, because it usually doesn't mean anything useful.

5 Reading the Money

The accounting classification line looks intimidating. You don't need to memorize the whole thing. You need three pieces:

First 2 digits — Agency. Who owns this money? 57 = Air Force. 21 = Army. 97 = DoD-wide. That's your first cue.
Next 4 digits — Appropriation type. What kind of money? 3400 = O&M (Operations & Maintenance). 3010 = Procurement. 3300 = MILCON. This tells you what you can buy with it.
Next 2 digits — Fiscal Year. 26 = FY26. If someone hands you FY25 O&M money in October 2025, that money is expired.
The rest? A CO doesn't need to know what every other character means. That's finance's job. You need agency, appropriation type, and fiscal year. Those three tell you if the money matches the requirement.

Check the Form 9 Trainer tab to see these on a real form, and scroll down for side-by-side LOA examples.

Interactive Tool

Virtual Form 9 Trainer

Click the highlighted sections on the form to see notes. The sections with a red left border are the ones that matter most.

REQUEST FOR PURCHASE
NO.
F2Q4015052AW01
DATE
15 OCT 25
CLASS
SUPPLIES
CONTRACT, PURCHASE ORDER OR DELIVERY ORDER NO.
Assigned after award
INSTALLATION
Deployed Wing
 
TO: CONTRACTING OFFICER
Office DODAAC: FA0000
 
THROUGH
Deployed customer
 
FROM: Resource Advisor
RA DODAAC: F2Q401
 
It is requested that supplies and services enumerated below and in the attached list, be
PURCHASED FOR
FOR DELIVERY TO
NO LATER THAN
ITEM
DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL OR SERVICES
QUANTITY
UNIT
EST UNIT PRICE
EST TOTAL COST
0001
1.5 Liter Bottled Water
(12 per case)
500
CS
10.00
5,000.00
TOTAL
$ 5,000.00
PURPOSE
Sustain deployed personnel with bottled drinking water for routine consumption.
DATE
15 OCT 25
TYPED NAME AND GRADE OF REQUESTING OFFICIAL
Capt Jane Doe
SIGNATURE / TELEPHONE NO.
DSN 555-0101
DATE
15 OCT 25
TYPED NAME AND GRADE OF APPROVING OFFICIAL
Lt Col John Smith
SIGNATURE
Approved
I certify that the supplies and services listed above and in the attached list are properly chargeable to the following allotments, that the available balances of which are sufficient to cover the cost thereof, and funds have been committed.
ACCOUNTING CLASSIFICATION
57 3400 26 123456 001 0 000000 2D 000000
FY26 Air Force O&M
AMOUNT
$ 5,000.00
DATE
16 OCT 25
TYPED NAME AND GRADE OF CERTIFYING OFFICIAL
MSgt Robert Williams, CDFM
52 CPTS/FMA
SIGNATURE
//signed// R. Williams
AF FORM 9 TRAINING REPLICA — NOT AN OFFICIAL FORM

Lines of Accounting — Side by Side

These are illustrative examples. Exact LOA structure varies by organization and finance system. For a CO, the key is the first three pieces: agency, appropriation type, and fiscal year.

Air Force O&M
57 3400 26 123456 001 0 000000 2D 000000
57 = Air Force • 3400 = O&M • 26 = FY26 • The rest is finance's business.
Air Force Procurement
57 3010 26 987654 002 0 000000 2D 000000
57 = Air Force • 3010 = Procurement • 26 = FY26 • Multi-year money for equipment and systems.
Air Force MILCON
57 3300 26 456789 003 0 000000 2D 000000
57 = Air Force • 3300 = MILCON • 26 = FY26 • Military construction. Different animal entirely.
Army O&M
21 2020 26 234567 004 0 000000 AA 000000
21 = Army • 2020 = O&M • 26 = FY26 • Same concept, different agency code.
DoD-Wide O&M
97 0100 26 345678 005 0 000000 DD 000000
97 = DoD-wide • 0100 = O&M • 26 = FY26 • OSD-level or defense agency money.
The pattern: First 2 digits = who owns the money. Next 4 digits = what kind of money. Next 2 digits = what fiscal year. Everything after that is cost center, program element, and accounting detail that finance manages. As a CO, if you can read those first 8 characters, you know enough to catch a mismatch between the money and the requirement.
Rabbit Holes

Look It Up

There's not much written specifically about the Form 9 itself. But if you want to understand the money behind it — appropriations law, fiscal policy, and the rules that govern how the government spends — these are the places to go.

GAO Antideficiency Act Resources

The GAO's hub for the Antideficiency Act — the law that makes fund certification matter. Includes the ADA handbook, reporting guidance, and legal decisions. This is the definitive source.

Open GAO Resources

31 U.S.C. § 1341 — Antideficiency Act

The actual statute. Prohibits federal employees from obligating or expending funds in excess of available appropriations. This is why the certifying official's signature on the Form 9 matters.

Open 31 USC Ch. 13

DoD Financial Management Regulation (FMR)

DoD 7000.14-R — the massive regulation that governs all DoD financial management. Multiple volumes cover fund control, obligation rules, and accounting policy. Not light reading.

Open DoD FMR

GAO Principles of Federal Appropriations Law (Red Book)

The "Red Book" — GAO's comprehensive treatise on appropriations law. If you really want to understand how government money works at a deep level, this is the bible. Multi-volume, continuously updated.

Open Red Book

Market Research Training

Once the PR clears your desk, market research is the next step. Our full walkthrough covers the process end to end.

Open Training